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<p>Hola,</p>
<p>les reenvío el boletín de la Sociedad Internacional de la Ciencia
del Suelo.<br>
Saludos<br>
Diego<br>
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<td>IUSS Alert 143 (May 2017)</td>
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<td>Wed, 24 May 2017 13:41:06 +0200</td>
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<td>The International Union of Soil Sciences - IUSS
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:iuss@umweltbundesamt.at"><iuss@umweltbundesamt.at></a></td>
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<td><a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:cosenti@agro.uba.ar">cosenti@agro.uba.ar</a></td>
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<title>The International Union of Soil Sciences - IUSS | IUSS
Alert 143 (May 2017)</title>
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<h1>IUSS Alert 143 (May 2017)</h1>
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<h1>IUSS News</h1>
<h2>Preparation of the World Congress of Soil Science
2018</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>The last months have seen a lot of progress with
the preparation of the scientific programme of the
21st World Congress of Soil Science 2018. The
programme will be available in June 2017. The next
steps towards the Congress taking place from 12 to
17 August 2018 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, are the
following:</p>
<p>- On-line registration and abstract submission
open: June 2017<br>
- Deadline for abstract submission: 30/11/2017<br>
- Notification for abstract acceptance: 15/01/2018<br>
- Deadline for early registration: 15/02/2018<br>
- Deadline for regular registration: 12/05/2018</p>
<p>Please take note of these dates in order to
submit your contribution and to register for the
congress in time. We are looking forward to seeing
as many of you as possible at the <span
class="caps">WCSS</span> 2018.</p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h1>General News</h1>
<h2>The marvel of soil biodiversity</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>In this article, Leo M. Condron explains why the
multitude of organisms actively making up the soil
biomass are crucial to the survival and growth of
all plants and animals. Most people are familiar
with the concept of biodiversity. Its health and
functional benefits are derived from the presence
of many different plant and animal species in an
environment. Biodiversity ‘hotspots’ support a
vast variety of plant and animal species; an
example being a tropical rainforest with up to
80,000 plant, 50,000 insect, 1,500 bird, and 2,000
mammal/amphibian species. However, the
corresponding level of biodiversity present in the
underlying soil environment is much greater than
above-ground, with over 100,000 known species of
bacteria and fungi, 25,000 species of nematodes,
40,000 species of mites, and 7,000 species of
earthworms.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://blog.globalsoilbiodiversity.org/sites/default/files/The%20Marvel%20of%20Soil%20Biodiversity%20L%20Condron.pdf">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Cattle-associated antibiotics disturb soil
ecosystems</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>Manure from cattle administered antibiotics
drastically changes the bacterial and fungal
make-up of surrounding soil, leading to ecosystem
dysfunction, according to a Virginia Tech research
team. The team analysed soil samples from 11 dairy
farms in the United States and found that the
amount of antibiotic resistant genes was 200 times
greater in soil near manure piles compared with
soil that wasn’t. Furthermore, microbes with
greater antibiotic resistance showed higher stress
levels. Soil microbial communities are important
for sustaining ecosystem services, such as climate
regulation, soil fertility, and food production.
Perturbations, such as antibiotic exposure, can
have marked effects on soil microbes and these
services.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://vtnews.vt.edu/articles/2017/03/033017-fralin-manure.html?utm_content=&utm_medium=email&utm_name=&utm_source=govdelivery&utm_term=">Read
more</a> </p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Is soil the great new integrator?</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>Farmers, researchers and development agencies are
all increasing their focus on soil. Globally,
change in the way land is used and managed puts
pressure on soils to do more. Farmers are growing
more monoculture crops; rotating them less; and
leaving behind pesticide residues, polluted waters
from fertilizer run off, carbon loss, and depleted
aquifers. For some farmers though, attention to
soil has been a business decision, leading to
increased production and yields, and has helped
them withstand weather extremes. In a recent
survey, insight from 2,020 farmers from across the
United States reflected enthusiasm for cover crops
to help improve soils—for the fourth year in a
row—and found a yield boost in corn and soybeans
following cover crops.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.environmentalhealthnews.org/ehs/news/2017/march/is-soil-the-great-new-integrator">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2> Monthly and seasonal rainfall erosivity in Europe</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>The development of the Rainfall Erosivity
Database at European Scale (<span class="caps">REDES</span>)
and its 2015 update with the extension to monthly
component allowed to develop monthly and seasonal
R-factor maps and assess rainfall erosivity both
spatially and temporally. During winter months,
significant rainfall erosivity is present only in
part of the Mediterranean countries. A sudden
increase of erosivity occurs in a major part of
the European Union in May and the highest values
are registered during the summer months. Starting
from September, the R-factor has a decreasing
trend. The monthly erosivity maps allowed the
development of indicators for studying the
intra-annual variability of erosivity and the
concentration of erosive events. Data are
available in <span class="caps">ESDAC</span>: 12
monthly R-factor maps, 4 seasonal erosivity maps,
Erosivity ratio, Coefficient of V ariation,
Weighted Density, Month with highest/lowest
R-factor. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/themes/monthly-erosivity">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>N2O emissions from agricultural soils in Europe</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>This dataset is derived from the integration of
the <span class="caps">LUCAS</span> soil survey
data with the bio-geochemistry process-based model
DayCent. The model was run for more than 11,000 <span
class="caps">LUCAS</span> sampling points under
agricultural use, assessing also the model
uncertainty. Meta-models based on model outcomes
and the Random Forest algorithm were used to
upscale the N2O emissions at 1km resolution. <span
class="caps">ESDAC</span> makes available a)
Average nitrous oxides emissions: contains the
average (2010-2014 time period) emissions of N2O-N
(kg ha-1 yr-1) simulated in soil <span
class="caps">LUCAS</span> points; b) Nitrous
oxides emissions in agricultural soils of the EU:
contains the N2O-N emissions (kg ha-1 yr-1) at 1
km2 resolution in the EU, obtained by the
meta-model MT1 and MT2.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://esdac.jrc.ec.europa.eu/content/n2o-emissions-agricultural-soils">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Soil erosion in Tanzania – in pictures </h2>
<div class="team">
<p>The Jali Ardhi, or ‘care for the land’ project,
studies the impact of soil erosion on Maasai
communities and their grazing lands.
Photojournalist Carey Marks captures the changing
landscape, its people – and the challenges they
face.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery/2017/may/04/soil-erosion-in-tanzania-in-pictures?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Why You Need More Dirt in Your Life </h2>
<div class="team">
<p>Soil helps build up our defences against disease
and imparts a sense of the sacred—and we are
killing it. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2017/04/soil-dirt-ground-beneath-us-bogard/?utm_source=Facebook&utm_medium=Social&utm_content=link_fb20170501news-booktalk&utm_campaign=Content&sf74976627=1">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Bricks made of martian soil may be stronger than
steel-reinforced concrete</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>Even The Martian’s Mark Watney didn’t have this
trick up his spacesuit sleeve. Materials
scientists have now created super sturdy bricks,
made of material similar to Martian soil, Newsweek
reports. The bricks, which the researchers say are
stronger than steel-reinforced concrete, are the
latest effort to make building blocks from
materials readily available on the Red Planet.
Prior attempts required treating martianlike dirt
with heat or chemicals, but the new study,
published today in Scientific Reports, shows that
simple pressure can compact small red bricks held
together by iron oxide in the soil. The finding
might be too late for Watney, but maybe not for
future Mars-bound travellers. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sciencemag.org/news/sifter/bricks-made-martian-soil-may-be-stronger-steel-reinforced-concrete">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>Lithuanian scientists create innovative
technologies for use of organic lakes sediments </h2>
<div class="team">
<p>Lithuanian scientists have created and patented
innovative technologies for the use of organic
lake sediments – sapropel – in order to create
fertile soil in the desert, and to support
recreation of agronomic soil properties in
degraded soil. Using these technologies in desert
sand, the yield was comparable to that of the Nile
delta. The effect of these technologies was tested
in Egypt, <span class="caps">UAE</span> and
Bahrain. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.iculom.eu">Read more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h2>New Editor’s Choice papers in the European
Journals of Soil Science – currently all free to
read!</h2>
<div class="team">
<p>See what Margaret Oliver, Editor-in-Chief of the
European Journal of Soil Science, has selected as
her current Editor’s Choice: “This is my latest
selection of ‘Editor’s Choice’ papers; I selected
them because the subject matter is unusual and of
interest to more readers than simply those working
in the particular field of research. They cover a
range of topics in soil science. Two of the papers
are open access, meaning they are easily
accessible to readers.”<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291365-2389/homepage/EditorsChoice.html">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h1>Conferences, Meetings and Workshops</h1>
<div class="team">
<h2>Degradation and Revitalisation of Soil and
Landscape</h2>
<p>Olomouc, Czech Republic, 11-13 September 2017 (9
and 10 September pre-conference tours). Conference
theme: Degradation causes and consequences,
degradation monitoring and assessment,
revitalisation measures. <br>
New deadlines: <br>
Deadline for <strong>abstract submission:
29.5.2017</strong><br>
<strong>Registration deadline: 29.5.2017</strong>.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://ekologie.upol.cz/v4conference">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<h1>New publications</h1>
<div class="team">
<h2>Mires and peatlands of Europe. Status,
distribution and conservation</h2>
<p>Joosten/Tanneberger/Moen (eds.). Published in
2017 by Schweizerbart Science Publishers, 780
pages, 129 figures, 161 tables, <span
class="caps">ISBN</span> 978-3-510-65383-6,
price hardcover 94.00 €. </p>
<p>This book provides the first comprehensive and
up-to-date overview of mires and peatlands in
biogeographic Europe. Written by 134 mire
specialists, the book describes mire and peatland
types, terms, extent, distribution, use,
conservation, and restoration, individually for
each European country and in an integrated manner
for the entire continent. Complemented by a
multitude of maps and photographs, the book offers
an impressive and colourful journey, full of
surprising historical context and fascinating
details, while appreciating the core principles
and unifying concepts of mire science. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://schweizerbart.com/9783510653836">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<div class="team">
<h2>Multifunctional Land-Use Systems for Managing
the Nexus of Environmental Resources</h2>
<p>By Zhang, Lulu, Schwärzel, Kai (Eds.), 1st ed.
2017 by Springer, 148 pages, 34 illus., 31 illus.
in colour. <span class="caps">ISBN</span>
978-3-319-54957-6, price hardcover 86,99 € |
£64.99 | $99.00.</p>
<p>This book comprehensively describes the major
ecosystem services in dryland environments that
are provided by typical land use, including
forestland, grassland and farmland, using the
Loess Plateau, Northwest China as an example. It
offers extensive information on land policy,
implementation and scientific evidence, and
discusses the restoration of the degraded Loess
Plateau environment, which that brings new
challenges in the sustainable use of natural
resources, in particular soil and water.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319549569#otherversion=9783319549576http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783319549569">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<div class="team">
<h2>The Ground Beneath Us: From the Oldest Cities to
the Last Wilderness, What Dirt Tells Us About Who
We Are </h2>
<p>By Paul Bogard. Published March 21, 2017 by
Little Brown and Company. 336 pages. <span
class="caps">ISBN</span> 316342262 (<span
class="caps">ISBN</span>-13: 978-0316342261),
price <span class="caps">USD</span> 17.49. </p>
<p>When a teaspoon of soil contains millions of
species, and when we pave over the Earth on a
daily basis, what does that mean for our future?
What is the risk to our food supply, the planet’s
wildlife, the soil on which every life-form
depends? How much undeveloped, untrodden ground do
we even have left? From New York (where more than
118,000,000 tons of human development rest on top
of Manhattan Island) to Mexico City (which sinks
inches each year into the Aztec ruins beneath it),
Paul Bogard shows us the weight of our cities’
footprints. <br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/29977072-the-ground-beneath-us">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<div class="team">
<h2>Special issue on digital soil mapping across the
world</h2>
<p>Geoderma Regional has just published a special
issue on digital soil mapping across the world
(Vol. 9). The issue edited by Dominique Arrouays
and Philippe Lagacherie contains papers from
Scotland, Chile, Madagascar, France, Brazil,
India, and Belgium. These papers illustrate the
advances in digital soil mapping, highlight the
complexity of sparse data sets, but produce
results using the best available data. They can be
used for a wide range of purposes including a call
for re-investment in soil mapping as well as the
need for new soil data collection.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/23520094/9">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
<br class="clear">
<div class="team">
<h2>Springer Nature groundbreaking collection
‘Change the World’ </h2>
<p>The paper “Molecular microbiology methods for
environmental diagnosis” by soil microbiologists
has been nominated by Springer Nature among 180
scientific findings of the year 2016 that could
help change the world. <br>
This paper highlights how several molecular
techniques can now be used to detect, quantify or
characterize a microbial community, population,
species, function or functional group in a precise
and robust manner. New methods have for the first
time made it possible to map the bacterial
diversity of soils at a national scale.<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10311-016-0581-3?wt_mc=Other.Other.2.CON417ctw_2017_a32">Read
more</a><br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/campaigns/change-the-world?utm_source=Other&utm_medium=Other&utm_campaign=ctw_2017_email_launch">Read
more</a></p>
</div>
<p style="text-align:center;color:gray;">
________________________________________________________________________________</p>
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